Nerve Conditions

What are nerve conditions?

The nervous system consists of two parts. The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system transmits sensory information between the muscles, tissues and nerves in the rest of the body to the brain. When these connections are disrupted, nerve symptoms occur.

Nerve conditions often originate in the peripheral nervous system and can manifest with burning, numbness, pins-and-needles sensations, muscle weakness or paralysis, and sensitivity. These symptoms may be caused by a local injury, in which the pain can be directly related to a trauma, or a systemic illness that affects your entire body. In referred pain, a more complex condition, the sensation of pain is felt in a different part of your body than where the injury or illness actually occurred. Referred pain is the most difficult to diagnose and treat.

Nerve conditions can arise from one nerve or many. Some syndromes occur when the nerve is compressed and deprived of proper blood flow. For example, carpal tunnel syndrome may develop from repetitive wrist or hand motions. Diabetes is a common cause of peripheral neuropathies (nerve disorders), the result of nerve damage from high blood sugar. Nerve symptoms can also stem from autoimmune diseases such as lupus erythematosus or Guillain-Barré syndrome or viruses such as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Epstein-Barr, or varicella-zoster.

Nerve conditions due to a malfunctioning of the autonomic nervous system (part of the peripheral nervous system) may interrupt involuntary actions such as breathing, swallowing, bladder control, or perspiration. They may be accompanied by symptoms of low blood pressure such as dizziness or vertigo, or loss of consciousness.Seek immediate medical care (call 911) if you, or someone you are with, have any of these symptoms, as they can be life threatening.