Autism: Treatments

How is autism treated?

There is no cure for autism or autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), but there are several therapies available that can help an autistic child’s development and behavior. The goals of autism treatment may include managing tantrums, learning social skills, and helping improve focus and attention span. Each person with autism has unique behaviors and symptoms, and requires a personalized treatment plan developed with his or her family by a team of doctors, therapists and educators. In general, treatment is more successful the earlier it is begun after diagnosis.

Behavioral, educational and physical therapies

The following types of therapies can help people with ASDs refine their social skills, adapt to changes in their environment, learn everyday life skills, such as dressing and bathing, and improve communication. Therapies include:

• Applied behavioral analysis

• Occupational therapy

• Physical therapy

• Sensory integration therapy

• Speech therapy

Medications

Medications cannot cure autism, but they are used to lessen the severity of certain symptoms associated with the disorder, such as anxiety, hyperactivity, aggression, and mood swings. Medications that might help mitigate these symptoms include:

• Anti-anxiety medications

• Antidepressants

• Antipsychotic medications

• Stimulants

Other therapies

Some families have found that certain therapies can help improve symptoms associated with autism and ASDs. Other therapies may include dietary changes, massage therapy, and alternative medicines. Many of these are unproven by scientific research; they may reduce symptoms in some people and worsen symptoms in others. You can minimize the risk of serious complications associated with any therapy or treatment by following the treatment plan you and your autism treatment team design specifically for your family.

What are the possible complications of autism?

With time, many symptoms of autism can improve. However, if a person does not receive adequate treatment or support for his or her autism, complications can include: 

• Chronic stress

• Depression

• Disability

• Increasingly disruptive behaviors and habits

• Lasting effects of self-injury